Individuals living with MCI who have an abnormal brain positron emission tomography (PET) scan or spinal fluid test for amyloid beta protein, which is the protein in amyloid plaques (one of the two hallmarks of Alzheimer's), are considered to have a diagnosis of MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease. Mild cognitive impairment is a clinical diagnosis representing a doctor's best professional judgment about the reason for a person's symptoms. Nonamnestic MCI: MCI that affects thinking skills other than memory, including the ability to make sound decisions, judge the time or sequence of steps needed to complete a complex task, or visual perception.A person may start to forget important information that he or she would previously have recalled easily, such as appointments, conversations or recent events. Amnestic MCI: MCI that primarily affects memory. Learn more: Types of Dementia, What Is Alzheimer's?, Alzheimer's Causes and Risk Factors Symptoms Experts classify mild cognitive impairment based on the thinking skills affected: It is important that people experiencing cognitive changes seek help as soon as possible for diagnosis and possible treatment. In other cases, such as when a medication causes cognitive impairment, MCI is mistakenly diagnosed. In some individuals, MCI reverts to normal cognition or remains stable. For neurodegenerative diseases, MCI can be an early stage of the disease continuum including for Alzheimer's if the hallmark changes in the brain are present. MCI can develop for multiple reasons, and individuals living with MCI may go on to develop dementia others will not. Mild cognitive impairment causes cognitive changes that are serious enough to be noticed by the person affected and by family members and friends but do not affect the individual’s ability to carry out everyday activities.
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